This reminds me of something I worked on at my last job. I made software to detect plumes of dust pollution from a mining site blowing onto a nearby school and town. The EPA issued fines if they detected too much dust over the town. This system could catch it early for quick intervention.
After it was deployed, I got a glimpse of their production config. They hadn’t configured the alarms for early intervention. They had configured them so that they could get as close as possible to their allocated limit before they intervened at all. Because, ya know, spraying water on stockpiles of ore is expensive.
Fucking mining companies, man.
This was at a stockpile yard at a port where raw mined materials were stored before being shipped.
Basically, if the wind was blowing strong enough in the right direction, it would blow over a nearby town. The problem wasn’t really knowing where the dust was going, but where it was coming from. Accurate monitoring could detect exactly which pile the dust is coming from, so you could direct all the water to the source. It’s impractical to wet the entire yard, as it’s huge.